飞机外形和结构件反求建模技术研究

 探讨了基于特征的飞机外形和结构件反求建模策略,并给出曲面特征和实体特征的定义,该方法支持具有完整特征表达的模型快速重建。提出了大规模散乱数据k近邻的空间球搜索算法,其逐步增大搜索范围的策略可有效提高搜索效率。研究了结构件与外形相关曲面特征的重建方法,当贴合面较窄、外形线接近于直线时,采用直纹面逼近,否则由蒙皮曲面等距间接求取。研究了基于工程约束的曲面形状修改算法,以B样条曲面需满足的点、线、面几何约束为目标约束,通过最小化形状修改前后差曲面的弯曲能得到精确满足目标约束的光滑曲面,推导了曲面弯曲能和曲线约束的表达式。最后,以飞机翼肋模型反求为例验证了所提方法的可行性。     

45°(N)纬度带的Klobuchar like电离层延迟季节修正模型与评估

电离层延迟是全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）的主要误差源之一。对于装配GNSS单频接收机的航空器,选择简单有效的Klobuchar广播电离层模型来改正电离层延迟误差,其修正率为50%～60%。针对45°（N）纬度带,提出了更高电离层修正需求。考虑到季节因素对中高纬度地区电离层的显著影响,利用GIMs（Global Ionospheric Maps）分析了昼夜中TEC（Total Electron Content）的峰值和谷值随季节（年积日）的变化,建立了一种适用于45°（N）纬度带的Klobuchar like电离层模型。该模型不增加广播模型系数,新模型的夜间和VTEC高峰时电离层修正率分别达到了82%和80%,表明在穿刺点集中的45°(N)纬度地区使用该模型可以更精确地描述该地区的电离层,帮助航空器实现更高精度的定位。     

考虑燃料雾化的气液两相连续旋转爆轰数值模拟

为研究气液两相连续旋转爆轰发动机燃烧室内爆轰波的传播特性,以汽油为燃料,富氧空气为氧化剂,建立了欧拉-拉格朗日模型进行二维数值仿真,其中气相方程采用时空守恒元与求解元方法求解,液相方程采用标准四阶龙格库塔法求解。在两相旋转爆轰模型还考虑了液滴雾化破碎过程。计算结果表明：起爆后形成的初始爆轰波经过初始燃料填充区域后逐渐衰减,随后入口附近新生成的压力波经过一系列发展形成了自持稳定传播的旋转爆轰波;旋转爆轰波的传播模态受燃料与氧化剂的喷注压力和氧化剂填充比影响,在不同工况下旋转爆轰波呈现出4种传播模态,即稳定单波模态、稳定双波模态、不稳定双波模态和不稳定单波模态;在双波模态工况下,燃烧室内初始只形成1个爆轰波,后由入口附近局部爆炸产生的压力波发展为新的爆轰波,转化为双波模态后爆轰波的强度略有下降,但燃烧室整体推力更加平稳。     

带马尔科夫参数的容错控制系统中系统噪声与故障诊断检测延迟时间的关系

讨论了带马尔科夫参数的容错控制系统 (FTCSMP)中 ,在保持系统随机稳定性的前提下 ,系统噪声与故障诊断检测延迟时间的关系 ,并进一步给出了确定故障诊断检测延迟时间范围的方法 ,为故障诊断方法的选择提供了依据     

大型复杂仿真系统模型验证的有效途径

根据大型复杂仿真系统的特点,提出了利用贝叶斯(Bayes)理论对大型复杂仿真系统模型进行验证的方法,建立了检验建模与仿真(M＆S)中的复杂假设的规则及实现算法,经过部分实例证明此方法是一种准确、通用和有效的方法。     

头盔伺服系统的主动柔顺控制

 对头盔伺服系统(HMDPM)主动柔顺控制策略的主要内容——轨迹规划和控制方法进行了研究。首先,采用基于力反馈和滑动杆动力学模型的头部运动预测法进行轨迹规划,该方法利用并联机构(PM)分支杆长与运动平台位姿间的映射关系,通过力反馈信息和6-3UPS并联机构滑动杆动力学模型对头部运动进行预测,为头盔伺服系统的位置控制提供期望轨迹;然后,基于头盔伺服系统的动力学模型对系统的惯性项和非线性项进行了计算,设计了惯性项和非线性项补偿控制器,在进行头部运动跟踪的同时,实现了头盔显示器与头部间接触力的控制;最后,采用SimMechanics模块建立了HMDPM—人交互模型,并进行了相关验证实验。仿真结果表明,基于力反馈和滑动副滑动杆动力学模型的头部运动预测法能实时地、较为准确地预测出头部运动位置;基于动力学模型的惯性和非线性项补偿控制器不仅可以较为准确地跟踪头部运动,而且还能有效地减小头盔显示器与头部间的接触力,降低执行机构的刚度、减少系统摩擦力等非线性因素对使用者的干扰。     

A method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design for electronic circuits

Tolerance design plays an important role in reliability design for electronic circuits. The traditional method only focuses on the consistency of output response. It is not able to meet the needs of increasing development of electronic products. This paper researches the state of related fields and proposes a method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design. The characteristics of output response and operating stresses on critical components are both defined as design objectives. Critical components and their operating stresses are determined by failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) and fault tree analysis (FTA). Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine sensitive parameters that affect the design objectives significantly. Monte Carlo and worst-case analysis are utilized to explore the tolerance levels of sensitive parameters. Design of experiment and regression analysis are applied in this method. The optimal tolerance levels are selected in accord with a quality-cost model to improve consistency of output response and reduce failure rates of critical components synchronously. The application in light-emitting diode (LED) drivers indicates details and potential. It shows that the proposed method provides a more effective way to improve performance and reliability of electronic circuits.     

基于安全性的航空发动机控制软件测试技术

针对航空发动机控制软件安全性需求的验证问题,提出了基于需求模型与安全性分析结果的软件测试技术。从软件需求的结构化描述和软件安全性分析结果中的失效和危险因果关系链出发,研究并制定了符合航空发动机控制软件特点的测试用例生成方案,给出了程序化的自动实现算法,并描述了在某重点发动机型号的工程实践情况。     

Research on failure criterion of composite based on unified macro- and micro-mechanical model

A new unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method for composite structures was developed in order to take the effects of composite micro structure into consideration. In this method, the macro stress distribution of composite structure was calculated by commercial finite element analysis software. According to the macro stress distribution, the damage point was searched and the micro-stress distribution was calculated by reformulated finite-volume direct averaging micromechanics (FVDAM), which was a multi-scale finite element method for composite. The micro structure failure modes were estimated with the failure strength of constituents. A unidirectional composite plate with a circular hole in the center under two kinds of loads was analyzed with the traditional macro-mechanical failure analysis method and the unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method. The results obtained by the two methods are consistent, which show this new method’s accuracy and efficiency.     

A combined turbulent combustion model in studying a lean flameout process

A modification of the Zimont turbulent combustion model is presented; the modification makes it possible to describe processes in diffusion and homogeneous flame fronts as well as to take into account the influence of different factors that cause flame destabilization. The model is based on the equation for a reaction completeness extent (completeness of combustion). The model realization to simulate the premixed combustion is described and the modification of the turbulent combustion model is applied to simulate a process of flameout downstream of the flameholder.